Pneumonia:
It refers to inflammation of part of all of the lungs. Bacterial pneumonia means bacterial growth in the lungs rapidly. Patients would have the symptoms: chills, high fever, severe cough, purulent sputum, shortness of breathing and chest pain. If not treated properly, the bacteria can enter the bloodstream: to the brain causing meningitis, to the ear causing otitis media, and spreading throughout the body causing bacteremia and sepsis leading to complications- multiple organ failure. While symptoms of viral pneumonia are similar to flu: fever, dry cough, weakness muscle pain, high fever and etc.
肺炎：指肺臟的肺泡發炎造成各種症狀的疾病。發生細菌性肺炎時，細菌在肺臟快速繁殖增生，病人會出現寒顫高燒、劇烈咳嗽、咳膿痰、呼吸喘、胸痛等症狀。如果沒有治療，細菌還可能進入血流，到腦部造成腦膜炎；到耳朵變成中耳炎；循環到全身就成了菌血症與敗血症導致多重器官衰竭等嚴重併發症。病毒性肺炎的症狀比較像是得流感，如發燒、乾咳、虛弱、肌肉痠痛、高燒等。
Acute bronchitis:
It refers to bronchial inflammation. The bronchi are tube-like structures that carry air in and out of the lungs. When these air-carrying tubular structures become inflamed, they will also secrete extra mucus. The swelling of the tracheal wall and the mucus in it will hinder the circulation of air, causing patients to have difficulty breathing. Patients often have a cough with phlegm. Symptoms are as follows: wheezing, rales, chest pain, fever, weakness, fatigue and hoarseness
急性支氣管炎：是支氣管發炎的疾病。支氣管為管狀構造，具有運送空氣進出肺部的功能。當這些運送空氣的管狀構造在發炎時會變的腫大，其中還會分泌額外的黏液，氣管壁的腫大與其中的粘液會阻礙空氣的流通，導致病人呼吸困難，病人常會有咳嗽有痰及呼吸有哮鳴音或是乾囉音等症狀。另外的症狀包括胸部疼痛、發燒、倦怠及聲音沙啞。
Notification注意事項：
- Take in proper nutrition, increase protein and calories and increase body resistance.
適當的營養狀況可以減輕呼吸作功，並可增加身體抵抗力、可採用高蛋白、高熱量飲食。
- Increase the water intake.
增加水分的攝取(成人每日攝取水份為體重*30毫升)，可使黏稠的分泌物變稀，痰較容易咳出。
- Avoid smoking and second-hand smoke.
避免抽菸或暴露於二手菸環境之中。
- Avoid eating cold, irritating and gas-producing foods.
避免吃刺激性易產氣的食物及飲料，或過冷的食物。
- Do not go to public places when a cold is prevalent or the resistance is weak. Pay attention to personal hygiene and wash hands frequently
在感冒流行時或身體抵抗力較弱時，勿到公共場所及避免和感冒的人接觸。注意個人衛生、勤洗手。
- Keep in good eating habits, get enough sleep and exercise moderately
要有良好的營養狀況和充足的睡眠，及適度的運動、以增加抵抗力。適時添加衣服避免受寒。
- Do not adjust the medicine by yourself. If you have the following conditions, you need to go back to the hospital for treatment immediately: Vomiting, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, rapid heartbeat, trembling, insomnia, convulsions, shock, skin rash, gastrointestinal discomfort and other side effects of the drug.
請勿自行調整藥物劑量，並注意觀察有無出現嘔吐、腹部不適、腹瀉、心跳過速、顫抖、失眠、抽搐、休克、皮膚發疹、胃腸不適等藥物副作用，一經發現請立即告知醫師。
- Vaccination every year.
每年預防性施打公費或自費流感疫苗。
Last Updated on 2023 年 7 月 7 日 by 3535
